In our eagerness to copy the West, we Muslims have adopted many of their practices, which have no basis in the Shareeâh. And among them is the practice of a woman changing her family name to that of her husband after she gets married.
The fact is that Islam does not require woman to change her name at marriage and there is nothing in the Sunnah to indicate that a woman should take her husband’s sir-name after she gets married.
Actually, the Ulema tell us that this is an innovated practice that is not approved of in Islam.
The wives of the Prophet (Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) are the Mothers of the Believers, and the Prophet (Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam), is the noblest of people and the best example. And yet when we look at their example, we will realize that when the Prophet(Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) married any of his wives, NOT ONE of them took his name.
On the contrary, each one of them kept her father’s name even if her father was a kaafir. Similarly, the wives of the Sahaabah and those who came after them did not change their names.
Surely, if it was a good thing, the wives of the Prophet(Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) would have done it and the Prophet(Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) would himself have instructed it and encouraged them to do it.
That is because it is Allaah’s order to keep your father’s name as an indication of your lineage.
Call them (adopted sons) by (the names of) their fathers, that is more just with Allaah. [al-Ahzaab 33:5].
And the Prophet (Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) said: "Whoever calls himself by other than his father’s name, will be cursed by Allaah, the angels and all the people." (Ibn Maajah -Saheeh by al-Albaani).
And if it was a matter of expressing love for the husband, no relationship between a husband and wife on the face of this earth was better than the relationship between the Prophet(Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) and his wives. And yet none of the Mothers of the Believers expressed their love for the Prophet (Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) by changing their last names.
The last name is an indication of the father of the person and represents the person’s lineage.
Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd said: This is one of the beauties of Shareeah, because calling a person by his father’s name is more appropriate for knowing who is who and telling people apart.(Tasmiyat al-Mawlood, 30, 31).
Originally, the woman is the Daughter of So and so, and NOT the wife of So and so. Since there is no blood relationship between the husband and wife, how can she take his last name as if she is part of the same lineage? And surely, she is not claiming that he is her father!!!!
Also what happens if she gets divorced, or her husband dies, and she marries another man? Will she keep changing her surname every time she marries another man?
In addition to this, there are rulings attached to the woman being named after her father, which have to do with her inheritance, spending and who is her mahram, etc. Taking her husband’s last name overlooks all that.
Also, if you think about it, the husband is named after his own father, and what does she have to do with the lineage of her husband’s father? This goes against common sense and true facts.
Besides, the husband has nothing that makes him better than his wife’s father. So why should she give up her father’s name and take her husband’s last name??
And why does the man get to keep his father’s name and not the woman??!!
Sheikh Salih Al-Munajjid says:
A woman changing her family name to that of her husband after she gets married is Haraam and is not allowed in Shareeâh, because it is not permissible for anyone to claim to belong to anyone other than his or her father And Allaah knows best (www.islamqa. com)
Not only is it so in this world, but, we will also be called by our father’s name in the Hereafter as well.
The Prophet (Sal Allaahu Alaiyhi wa Sallam) said: On the Day of Resurrection, each betrayer will have a banner raised beside him, and it will be said, this is the betrayer of So and so, the son of So and so. (Bukhaari, Muslim).
